The Impact of Government Intervention on Private Markets
Government intervention in private markets has a long history, with varying levels of success and controversy. While the goal is often to direct capital flows toward public policy objectives, the unintended consequences can sometimes lead to inefficiencies and inequality.
Generous tax breaks and capital commitments to subpar fund managers can lead to accountability issues and underperformance. In extreme cases, state capitalism can take control of capital flows, undermining the principles of free markets.
Origins of Government Intervention
Historically, government intervention has been seen in various forms, from Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s New Deal to the creation of state banks and investment funds post-World War II. The UK’s Committee on Finance and Industry and the US’s Small Business Administration are some notable examples.
State subsidies, often aimed at large corporations, are also prevalent, but smaller market participants receive support through research grants and science parks. These initiatives, while beneficial, can sometimes be overlooked.
State Banks and Investment Funds
In recent decades, governments have expanded their investment policies to cover a wide range of industries, with sovereign wealth funds playing a significant role. While some funds like GIC and ADIA have been active in private markets, others like Norway’s fund have taken a negative stance on private equity.
Tax Credits and Avoidance Schemes
Government incentives, such as tax credits, have been introduced to encourage research and development and investments in innovative enterprises. While the US offers tax breaks for reinvesting capital, European countries like the UK and France have similar schemes.
Market Intervention or Manipulation?
Government involvement in private markets has raised concerns about mismanagement and unfair competition. State-backed vehicles and tax-avoidance schemes can distort markets and hinder private fund managers’ abilities to compete.
Funding Gaps Galore
Government-initiated funding programs, such as the Fintech Growth Fund in the UK, have aimed to address perceived funding gaps in certain sectors. However, the effectiveness and transparency of these programs have been questioned.
Overall, government intervention in private markets has its advantages and drawbacks. While it can support emerging industries and create jobs, it also risks distorting markets and diverting resources from essential government functions.
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All opinions expressed in this post are the author’s own and do not constitute investment advice. The views expressed do not necessarily reflect those of CFA Institute or the author’s employer.
Image courtesy of Nick Webb. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license. Cropped.